Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Organizational Culture - Essay Example Closely related to organizational culture in meaning is organizational values. Values refer to acceptable standards that govern individual employees’ behavior in an organization. Without these values, each employee would adopt behaviors that they deem fit in their own analysis which could conflict with the behaviors that an organization seeks to promote. The organizational values have to be in line with the mission and the vision. Woodside (2010) gives examples of the distinctive values in blue chip companies like Ford Motors and Marks & Spencers which were established by their founders and further sedimentation accomplished by their inheritors. Values would be chosen through the process of measuring, diagnosis, deciding and finally embedding. It has been noted that organizational culture guides the success of an organization, hence an important aspect to both the profit making and the non-profit making organizations. But success or performance remains a relative concept among business research scholars. Woodside (2010) gathers definitions of performance from various scholars ranging from an organization’s ability to achieve its goals to an organizational measure of efficiency, effectiveness and economy. In the same way, there exist various variables in measuring organization performance. This complexity has been cited by Shahzad, Luqman, Khan & Shabbir (2012) as the reason for minimal research on the impact of organizational culture on performance. In this paper, performance would be considered as the attainability of an organization’s goals. A positive correlation has been established between organizational culture and organizational performance with well performing firms possessing certain strong cultural traits. Shahzad, Luqman, Khan and Shabbir (2012) noted that superior and perfectly imitable organizational culture ensures attainment of sustainable competitive advantage.

Pasternak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pasternak - Essay Example In the writings of these two poets readers can see true reflection of the â€Å"shifting biographical, cultural, historical, and sociopolitical circumstances† (Hasty, 591) within which they developed their relationship. Ciepiela based his book on numerous authentic materials that have given the picture of how the two poets immensely influenced each other’s creativity along with the complexities in their relationship. Ciepiela has explored the way gender has been illustrated by the poets in their writing which provides a new perspective in the manner that the poets can be understood like their traditions and cultural backgrounds. One work of Boris Pasternak that was published in the year 1929 was The Tale. This prose is considered as one of the most complex short proses of Pasternak and hence has not been much studied by scholarly articles. While in the views of the scholar A. Livingstone the work is considered as â€Å"unfinished, untidy and confusing†, in the views of M. Aucouturier it is one of the most cleverly written works of Pasternak. However, the complicated structure of the prose is emphasized when it is studies in the backdrop of its literature and history. It was initially conceived under the title Revolution and the story was set in the period between pre-war summer of 1914 and before the beginning of 1917. The Tale is written in the style of â€Å"triple-frame narrative† in which there are two inner tales that act as counterpoint to the outer story. In the innermost tale, the story revolves around a young man who sacrifices all comforts of life as protest against all injustices in the world. Such careless sacrificial gesture of the protagonist â€Å"anticipates the compromised idealism of the coming era† (Swift, 114). In this way Pasternak has made the novel a reflection of the Russian revolution. One of the most popular works of Boris Pasternak outside Russia is Doctor Zhivago which was published in the